Fortunately there's an Arduino plugin for Netbeans (and therefore for Solaris Studio, which is just thinly veiled Netbeans bundled with the Oracle compilers).
The trouble is the Netbeans plugin URL download button gets you the Windows version, but do not despair. The author apparently plays with Linux too, and there's a tmp/linux folder in the repository, containing a functional Linux version of the plugin.
I only had to alter the default Makefile slightly to adjust for Debian's packaging of the Arduino software and my version of the chip:
8,9c8,9
8,9c8,9
< COM_PORT = /dev/ttyACM0
< BAUD_RATE = 115200
---
> COM_PORT = /dev/ttyUSB0
> BAUD_RATE = 19200
11,12c11,12
< ARDUINO_BASE_DIR = /home/jaques/opt/arduino-1.6.5-r5
< ARDUINO_CORE_DIR = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/arduino/avr/cores/arduino
---
> ARDUINO_BASE_DIR = /usr/share/arduino
> ARDUINO_CORE_DIR = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/arduino/cores/arduino
20c20
< ARDUINO_MODEL = atmega328p
---
> ARDUINO_MODEL = atmega168
22c22
< ARDUINO_PINS_DIR = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/arduino/avr/variants/standard
---
> ARDUINO_PINS_DIR = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/arduino/variants/standard
38c38
< AVR_DUDE = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/tools/avr/bin/avrdude -C ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/tools/avr/etc/avrdude.conf
---
> AVR_DUDE = ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/tools/avrdude -C ${ARDUINO_BASE_DIR}/hardware/tools/avrdude.conf
