Yes, Debian stinks

# apt-get dist-upgrade
...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent processing triggers for hal:
 hal depends on libdbus-glib-1-2 (>= 0.78); however:
  Package libdbus-glib-1-2:amd64 is not configured yet.
 hal depends on pciutils; however:
  Package pciutils is not configured yet.
 hal depends on dbus (>= 0.61); however:
  Package dbus is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package hal (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving triggers unprocessed
dpkg: dependency problems prevent processing triggers for hal:
 hal depends on libdbus-glib-1-2 (>= 0.78); however:
  Package libdbus-glib-1-2:amd64 is not configured yet.
 hal depends on pciutils; however:
  Package pciutils is not configured yet.
 hal depends on dbus (>= 0.61); however:
  Package dbus is not configured yet.
...
dpkg: error processing package hal (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving triggers unprocessed
dpkg: too many errors, stopping
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.19-13) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
 hal
Processing was halted because there were too many errors.
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)


Jesus, do you guys really have no QA???

Democracy 3 on Debian Jessie

Note to self:
To be able to run Democracy 3 on Debian one needs to:
# dpkg --add-architecture i386
# apt-get update
# apt-get install libpng12-0:i386 libsdl-image1.2:i386 libgl1-mesa-glx:i386

Rearming KitKat with a frickin' laser (and USB)

The kids returned from a Children's day festival with a bag of more or less worthless trinkets, among them a lovely KitKat promotional ball mouse. Its fatal handicap is the connector - the last time I had a PS/2 in my machine was a decade ago ...

I contemplated building a PS/2-USB interface with an Arduino, but lacked the 3.6V Zeners used in the circuit I found on the intertubes.

Fortunately there was an old USB laser optical mouse lying in my drawer.

I decided to transplant its innards to KitKat.
The scroll-wheel is broken, but since KitKat doesn't have one it's not a problem :-)

The PCB was too large to fit into the enclosure and the switches needed to be repositioned.

Cut, resolder, rewire, fasten with hot glue,

et voilà - a USB KitKat laser mouse!

Opening cheap chinese USB charger

My USB charger has died so I ordered a new one. I chose a neat pink one :-)

While the seller claimed it to be a EU plug it turned out to be only compatible with the other part of the EU - it won't work with the ground pin of the CEE 7/5 socket.

I got a refund from the seller and kept the product. Since it's not usable anyway (apart from the cables) I looked inside.

First I pushed a thin screwdriver into the seam and pried gently

Then I was able to pull the insides out of the box

I guess there's no room for the ground pin there :-)
The PCB contains standard parts - Vishay MB6S bridge rectifier, Sharp PC817c optocoupler a power NPN 13003, a bunch of capacitors, diodes, resistors and a transformer.

I'm not desperate enough to repackage it to work with my sockets ... yet.

tail -f /dev/ttyUSB0 in Debian

After a recent Debian 7.4 (I hate the codenames!) update I was no longer able to read data from the Arduino's USB serial.
I found out that
cat /dev/ttyUSB0
worked, while
tail -f /dev/ttyUSB0
did nothing. Strangely enough, running the command in strace revealed that tail was reading the data correctly, it just failed to display them ...

I'm not sure whom to blame - coreutils or Debian. Anyway, here's the solution/workaround I found at debianforum.de:

$ stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0:0
$ stty -F /dev/ttyUSB0 9600 raw hupcl min 0
$ tail ---disable-inotify -f /dev/ttyUSB0

fuck debian

"If the suspend / resume works well on your system, you are lucky"
https://wiki.debian.org/Suspend

Running a Tor relay on a TP-Link TL-WR741ND

... is not possible (for now).
It tuns out even the spacious 32 MB RAM on the 741 is not enough for Tor.
Even with a custom minimized firmware, logging in via serial so I can kill dropbear and save a meg of RAM, this is not enough.
I was able to get to ~70% of the setup, with about half of the caches loaded when the system went out of memory.
I tried to put the caches into a compressed loopback image with

# rm -rf /var/lib/tor/*
# mkdir /tmp/jffsroot
# mkfs.jffs2 --pad=0x500000 -o /tmp/rootfs.jffs2 -e 0x4000 -n -d/tmp/jffsroot
# losetup -f
/dev/loop0
# losetup /dev/loop0 /tmp/rootfs.jffs2
# modprobe block2mtd
# echo "/dev/loop0,131072" > /sys/module/block2mtd/parameters/block2mtd
# mount -t jffs2 -o rw /dev/mtdblock6 /var/lib/tor
# chown tor /var/lib/tor

but it only helped a little bit, mostly because their contents does not compress well. The tor binary kept growing in RAM and eventually reached about 20 MB. Then I was out of memory again.
So it looks like it might only be possible to run Tor with the caches located on an external storage, provided Tor's RAM usage won't grow over ~25 MB.

TP-Link TL-WR741ND unbricking

So I was playing with the router, mounted one of the system partitions and after reboot it wouldn't come up.
Fortunately the box comes with serial, although not in very convenient way.
The OpenWRT wiki has photos with locations of the pins.
After some soldering and hot-glueing I had the serial port ready:

To connect it to the PC, I've finally found some use of the Arduino, or rather the FTDI chip that comes with it, as described by ZooBaB:

I've installed a tftp server and copied the firmware to its directory:
root@debian:~# apt-get install tftpd-hpa
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree      
Reading state information... Done
Suggested packages:
  syslinux-common
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  tftpd-hpa
0 upgraded, 1 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 47.6 kB of archives.
After this operation, 91.1 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Get:1 http://ftp.cz.debian.org/debian/ wheezy/main tftpd-hpa amd64 5.2-4 [47.6 kB]
Fetched 47.6 kB in 0s (196 kB/s)  
Preconfiguring packages ...
Selecting previously unselected package tftpd-hpa.
(Reading database ... 108212 files and directories currently installed.)
Unpacking tftpd-hpa (from .../tftpd-hpa_5.2-4_amd64.deb) ...
Processing triggers for man-db ...
Setting up tftpd-hpa (5.2-4) ...
[ ok ] Starting HPA's tftpd: in.tftpd.
root@debian:~# cp /home/hajma/openwrt/openwrt/bin/ar71xx/openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr741nd-v2-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin /srv/tftp/
root@debian:~#

Then I set the PC's IP to 192.168.1.3 and connected it to the first Ethernet port of the router.

Then I connected to the serial link:
$ screen /dev/ttyUSB1 115200,cs8,-parenb,-cstopb

And this is what I saw:
U-Boot 1.1.4 (Sep  3 2010 - 12:28:13)

AP91 (ar7240) U-boot
DRAM:
sri
#### TAP VALUE 1 = a, 2 = b
32 MB
id read 0x100000ff
flash size 4194304, sector count = 64
Flash:  4 MB
Using default environment

In:    serial
Out:   serial
Err:   serial
Net:   ag7240_enet_initialize...
No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
: cfg1 0xf cfg2 0x7014
eth0: 00:03:7f:09:0b:ad
eth0 up
No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
: cfg1 0xf cfg2 0x7214
eth1: 00:03:7f:09:0b:ad
eth0 up
No valid address in Flash. Using fixed address
: cfg1 0xf cfg2 0x7214
eth1: 00:03:7f:09:0b:ad
ATHRS26: resetting s26
ATHRS26: s26 reset done
eth1 up
eth0, eth1
Autobooting in 1 seconds
## Booting image at 9f020000 ...
   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... Error: Bad gzipped data
GUNZIP ERROR - must RESET board to recover

Resetting...

... stuck in  a boot loop due to corrupted firmware.

Following the steps at the OpenWRT wiki to tftp the image:
Type 'tpl' to break to boot loop. Then

ar7240> setenv ipaddr 192.168.1.100
ar7240> setenv serverip 192.168.1.3
ar7240> tftpboot 0x80000000 openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr741nd-v2-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin
eth1 link down
eth0 link down
Using eth1 device
TFTP from server 192.168.1.3; our IP address is 192.168.1.100
Filename 'openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr741nd-v2-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin'.
Load address: 0x80000000
Loading: T T T T T T T T T T
Retry count exceeded; starting again
eth0 link down
eth1 link down
Using eth0 device
...
TFTP from server 192.168.1.3; our IP address is 192.168.1.100
Filename 'openwrt-ar71xx-generic-tl-wr741nd-v2-squashfs-sysupgrade.bin'.
Load address: 0x80000000
Loading: #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         #################################################################
         ##
done
Bytes transferred = 3670020 (380004 hex)
ar7240> erase 0x9f020000 +0x380004

First 0x2 last 0x3a sector size 0x10000                                       58
Erased 57 sectors
ar7240> cp.b 0x80000000 0x9f020000 0x380004
Copy to Flash... write addr: 9f020000
done
ar7240> bootm 0x9f020000
## Booting image at 9f020000 ...
   Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK

Starting kernel ...



OpenWrt kernel loader for AR7XXX/AR9XXX
Copyright (C) 2011 Gabor Juhos
Looking for OpenWrt image... found at 0xbf022000
Decompressing kernel... done!
Starting kernel at 80060000...

[    0.000000] Linux version 3.10.28 (hajma@debian) (gcc version 4.6.4 (OpenWrt/Linaro GCC 4.6-2013.05 r39457) ) #4 Fri Feb 14 00:04:39 CET 2014
[    0.000000] bootconsole [early0] enabled
[    0.000000] CPU revision is: 00019374 (MIPS 24Kc)
[    0.000000] SoC: Atheros AR7240 rev 2
[    0.000000] Clocks: CPU:350.000MHz, DDR:350.000MHz, AHB:175.000MHz, Ref:5.000
MHz
[    0.000000] Determined physical RAM map:
[    0.000000]  memory: 02000000 @ 00000000 (usable)
[    0.000000] Initrd not found or empty - disabling initrd
[    0.000000] Zone ranges:
[    0.000000]   Normal   [mem 0x00000000-0x01ffffff]
[    0.000000] Movable zone start for each node
[    0.000000] Early memory node ranges
[    0.000000]   node   0: [mem 0x00000000-0x01ffffff]
[    0.000000] Primary instruction cache 64kB, VIPT, 4-way, linesize 32 bytes.
[    0.000000] Primary data cache 32kB, 4-way, VIPT, cache aliases, linesize 32 bytes
[    0.000000] Built 1 zonelists in Zone order, mobility grouping on.  Total pages: 8128
[    0.000000] Kernel command line:  board=TL-WR741ND console=ttyS0,115200 rootfstype=squashfs,jffs2 noinitrd
[    0.000000] PID hash table entries: 128 (order: -3, 512 bytes)
[    0.000000] Dentry cache hash table entries: 4096 (order: 2, 16384 bytes)
[    0.000000] Inode-cache hash table entries: 2048 (order: 1, 8192 bytes)
[    0.000000] Writing ErrCtl register=00000000
[    0.000000] Readback ErrCtl register=00000000
[    0.000000] Memory: 29168k/32768k available (2062k kernel code, 3600k reserved, 354k data, 268k init, 0k highmem)
[    0.000000] SLUB: HWalign=32, Order=0-3, MinObjects=0, CPUs=1, Nodes=1
[    0.000000] NR_IRQS:51
[    0.000000] Calibrating delay loop... 232.24 BogoMIPS (lpj=1161216)
[    0.080000] pid_max: default: 32768 minimum: 301
[    0.080000] Mount-cache hash table entries: 512
[    0.090000] NET: Registered protocol family 16
[    0.100000] MIPS: machine is TP-LINK TL-WR741ND
[    0.500000] registering PCI controller with io_map_base unset
[    0.510000] bio: create slab at 0
[    0.520000] PCI host bridge to bus 0000:00
[    0.520000] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [mem 0x10000000-0x13ffffff]
[    0.530000] pci_bus 0000:00: root bus resource [io  0x0000]
[    0.530000] pci_bus 0000:00: No busn resource found for root bus, will use [bus 00-ff]
[    0.540000] pci 0000:00:00.0: fixup device configuration
[    0.540000] pci 0000:00:00.0: BAR 0: assigned [mem 0x10000000-0x1000ffff 64bit]
[    0.550000] pci 0000:00:00.0: using irq 40 for pin 1
[    0.550000] Switching to clocksource MIPS
[    0.560000] NET: Registered protocol family 2
[    0.560000] TCP established hash table entries: 512 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.570000] TCP bind hash table entries: 512 (order: -1, 2048 bytes)
[    0.580000] TCP: Hash tables configured (established 512 bind 512)
[    0.580000] TCP: reno registered
[    0.590000] UDP hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.590000] UDP-Lite hash table entries: 256 (order: 0, 4096 bytes)
[    0.600000] NET: Registered protocol family 1
[    0.620000] squashfs: version 4.0 (2009/01/31) Phillip Lougher
[    0.630000] jffs2: version 2.2 (NAND) (SUMMARY) (LZMA) (RTIME) (CMODE_PRIORITY) (c) 2001-2006 Red Hat, Inc.
[    0.640000] msgmni has been set to 56
[    0.650000] io scheduler noop registered
[    0.650000] io scheduler deadline registered (default)
[    0.660000] Serial: 8250/16550 driver, 1 ports, IRQ sharing disabled
[    0.680000] serial8250.0: ttyS0 at MMIO 0x18020000 (irq = 11) is a 16550A
[    0.690000] console [ttyS0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
[    0.690000] console [ttyS0] enabled, bootconsole disabled
[    0.700000] ath79-spi ath79-spi: master is unqueued, this is deprecated
[    0.710000] m25p80 spi0.0: found s25sl032p, expected m25p80
[    0.720000] m25p80 spi0.0: s25sl032p (4096 Kbytes)
[    0.720000] 5 tp-link partitions found on MTD device spi0.0
[    0.730000] Creating 5 MTD partitions on "spi0.0":
[    0.730000] 0x000000000000-0x000000020000 : "u-boot"
[    0.740000] 0x000000020000-0x0000000f8200 : "kernel"
[    0.750000] mtd: partition "kernel" must either start or end on erase block boundary or be smaller than an erase block -- forcing read-only
[    0.760000] 0x0000000f8200-0x0000003f0000 : "rootfs"
[    0.770000] mtd: partition "rootfs" must either start or end on erase block boundary or be smaller than an erase block -- forcing read-only
[    0.780000] mtd: device 2 (rootfs) set to be root filesystem
[    0.790000] 1 squashfs-split partitions found on MTD device rootfs
[    0.790000] 0x0000003a0000-0x0000003f0000 : "rootfs_data"
[    0.800000] 0x0000003f0000-0x000000400000 : "art"
[    0.810000] 0x000000020000-0x0000003f0000 : "firmware"
[    0.920000] libphy: ag71xx_mdio: probed
[    1.480000] ag71xx-mdio.0: Found an AR7240/AR9330 built-in switch
[    2.510000] eth0: Atheros AG71xx at 0xba000000, irq 5, mode:GMII
[    3.080000] ag71xx ag71xx.0: connected to PHY at ag71xx-mdio.0:04 [uid=004dd041, driver=Generic PHY]
[    3.090000] eth1: Atheros AG71xx at 0xb9000000, irq 4, mode:MII
[    3.090000] TCP: cubic registered
[    3.100000] NET: Registered protocol family 17
[    3.100000] 8021q: 802.1Q VLAN Support v1.8
[    3.120000] VFS: Mounted root (squashfs filesystem) readonly on device 31:2.
[    3.130000] Freeing unused kernel memory: 268K (802bd000 - 80300000)
procd: Console is alive
procd: - watchdog -
procd: - preinit -
Press the [f] key and hit [enter] to enter failsafe mode
Press the [1], [2], [3] or [4] key and hit [enter] to select the debug level
[    8.090000] eth0: link up (1000Mbps/Full duplex)
kmod: ran 1 iterations
mount_root: jffs2 is not ready - EOF marker found
[   10.470000] eth0: link down
procd: - early -
procd: - watchdog -
procd: - ubus -
procd: - init -
Please press Enter to activate this console.

Yay!

TP-Link TL-WR741ND Wi-Fi client mode

I spent some time trying to make the wifi router run as a client, but to no avail. The only thing I saw in dmesg ifter enabling wifi was
IPv6: ADDRCONF(NETDEV_UP): wlan0: link is not ready

It seems there's a number of people with similar problem.

Finally I located the fault in the device's default configuration:

config wifi-device  radio0
        option type     mac80211
#       option channel  11
        option hwmode   11ng
...

There seems to be a problem with the 802.11n mode, after changing the setting to just '11g' the client mode works as a charm.

Goodbye SamKnows, welcome OpenWRT

It's two years since I joined the SamKnows project, my obligations to them are fulfilled now so I flashed the whitebox with OpenWRT:

hajma@debian:~$ telnet 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1...
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Escape character is '^]'.

 === IMPORTANT ============================
  Use 'passwd' to set your login password
  this will disable telnet and enable SSH
 ------------------------------------------


BusyBox v1.18.4 (2011-05-09 13:23:52 BST) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

                     _
 ___  __ _ _ __ ___ | | ___ __   _____      _____
/ __|/ _` | '_ ` _ \| |/ / '_ \ / _ \ \ /\ / / __|
\__ \ (_| | | | | | |   <| | | | (_) \ V  V /\__ \
|___/\__,_|_| |_| |_|_|\_\_| |_|\___/ \_/\_/ |___/
       P E R F O R M A N C E   M O N I T O R I N G

 OS: OpenWRT Bleeding edge, r26878
 SW: WR741ND Build
 -------------------------------------------------
root@(none):/# mount_root
root@(none):/# cd /tmp
root@(none):/tmp# scp hajma@192.168.1.2:Downloads/tplink.bin /tmp/

Host '192.168.1.2' is not in the trusted hosts file.
(fingerprint md5 xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx)
Do you want to continue connecting? (y/n) y
hajma@192.168.1.2's password:
tplink.bin                                    100% 3840KB   1.3MB/s   00:03   

root@(none):/tmp# mtd -r write /tmp/tplink.bin firmware
Unlocking firmware ...

Writing from /tmp/tplink.bin to firmware ...    
Rebooting ...
Connection closed by foreign host.
hajma@debian:~$ telnet 192.168.1.1
Trying 192.168.1.1...
Connected to 192.168.1.1.
Escape character is '^]'.
 === IMPORTANT ============================
  Use 'passwd' to set your login password
  this will disable telnet and enable SSH
 ------------------------------------------


BusyBox v1.19.4 (2014-01-24 11:29:03 MST) built-in shell (ash)
Enter 'help' for a list of built-in commands.

  _______                     ________        __
 |       |.-----.-----.-----.|  |  |  |.----.|  |_
 |   -   ||  _  |  -__|     ||  |  |  ||   _||   _|
 |_______||   __|_____|__|__||________||__|  |____|
          |__| W I R E L E S S   F R E E D O M
 -----------------------------------------------------
 BARRIER BREAKER (Bleeding Edge, r39382)
 -----------------------------------------------------
  * 1/2 oz Galliano         Pour all ingredients into
  * 4 oz cold Coffee        an irish coffee mug filled
  * 1 1/2 oz Dark Rum       with crushed ice. Stir.
  * 2 tsp. Creme de Cacao
 -----------------------------------------------------
root@OpenWrt:/#